Heart Failure (HF)
Heart Failure (HF)
Last Updated: December 10, 2025Background Heart failure is a clinical syndrome characterized by the heart’s inability to pump sufficient blood to meet the metabolic demands of the body. It results from structural or functional cardiac disorders impairing ventricular filling or ejection of blood. Classification/Types Heart failure is classified based on several factors: Based on Ejection Fraction: Type EF (%)...
Cor Pulmonale
Last Updated: December 10, 2025Background Cor pulmonale is defined as right ventricular (RV) enlargement and/or dysfunction resulting from pulmonary hypertension secondary to diseases of the lung parenchyma, pulmonary vasculature, or chest wall. It specifically excludes RV dysfunction due to left heart disease or congenital heart disease.[1] The condition represents a significant clinical challenge, accounting for approximately 6-7% of all...